• Some ideas from Language Log's breakfast experiments:
• Which words are used to describe white and black NFL prospects? Links here, here (data for download in the 2nd link)
• State of the Union: what are signature words of Obama, of earlier presidents? (And why?)
• The statistics of real estate listings: linking real estate price to the language in the descriptions
• Degrees of plurality 
• Contrasting "almost" and "nearly": discussed here, here, here, and here
• Analyzing Twitter data: What are words that are used with a much higher proportion by women than men, and vice versa? (See this language log post.) What words tend to occur with :-) and which with :-( ?In Twitter comments on a single issue (a proposed bill, a soccer tournament), which words tend to occur with which opinion? Is it possible to detect sarcasm in tweets? See also this Language Log post
  
• Author analysis: analyzing poems to detect who may have written them, and what characteristics they have
  
• Online recipe collections: You could ask, for example, whether it is possible to predict the number of stars that a recipe will get from the recipe ingredients. See also Dan Jurafsky's language of food papers.
  
• Noah Smith has a few nice datasets to analyze:
• Movie corpus: predicting movie revenue from review texts
• Congressional bill corpus: predicting whether a bill will survive from the text in the bill
• Corporate reports corpus: predicting how well a company will do from the annual reports that it issues
  
• and further datasets...
  

Course project information

By default, course projects should be done by teams of 2 students; however, projects done by 1 or 3 students are possible with prior approval of the instructor.

Initial project description

This is a 1-2 page document (single-spaced, single column) that describes what your project will be about. It needs to contain the following information:

• Motivation: Why should people be interested?
  
• Research questions: What are the main questions that you want to answer? What are your hypotheses about what the answers will be?
• Method: What statistical analyses will you use to test your hypotheses? What kind of data will you use to test them?
• Data: At this point, you need to have determined that you will be able to get the data you need to run your analyses. Say what data you will use, how large your dataset is (number of words, number of relevant documents, ...), and how you will obtain the data.
  

Intermediate report

This is a 1-2 page document (single-spaced, single column) that describes what the status of your project is at this point. It needs to contain the following information:

• Research questions: any changes?
• Method: any changes?
• Status:
  
• Describe the data that was obtained: source, size, and relevant descriptive statistics (if any)
• Describe at least one statistical analysis of the data relevant to your research questions that you have already done

You also need to take into account the feedback that you got on the Initial project description.

Short presentation

This is a short presentation to the class. You should discuss:

• Research questions and hypotheses
  
• Why is this relevant? (Spend a lot of time on the research questions and their relevance. Describing the big picture is important!)
• Data (briefly, but do talk about size and other statistics)
• Results

You will need to prepare slides for this, which you submit to the instructor ahead of time.

Final report

This is a 4-5 page document (single-spaced, single column) that describes the results of your project. It needs to contain the following information:

• Brief recap: research questions and hypotheses
• Data: source, size, other relevant statistics
• Method: statistical analyses that you used
• Findings

If you build on previous work, you need to discuss it, and give references. Published papers (at conferences, in journals) go into the references list at the end of the paper. Links to blog posts and the like go in a footnote. Also, links to websites containing data go in a footnote, not in the references list.

You need to take into account the feedback that you got on the Initial project description and Intermediate report.